[gtranslate]
La acuicultura multitrófica integrada simbiótica es una nueva tecnología acuícola la cual supone un importante avance en el desarrollo e innovación de la acuicultura moderna y viene a reafirmar la importancia y versatilidad de la acuicultura simbiótica.
¿Qué es la acuicultura multitrófica integrada, (AMTI)?
La acuicultura multitrófica integrada es conocida por sus siglas como AMTI. Ha sido usada en Asia desde hace siglos, donde policultivos de algas, camarones y peces eran cultivados de forma conjunta en bahías poco profundas (Li, 1987; Chan, 1993).
En un sistema clásico multitrófico integrado, se define una especie objetivo sobre la cual se concentra el esfuerzo en alimentación. Los residuos generados en el cultivo de la misma suponen la fuente de materia y energía. Dichos recursos son usados para el crecimiento de una segunda especie que conforma el segundo nivel trófico. Los residuos generados en el segundo nivel, sirven como alimento y/o fertilizante para el desarrollo de un tercer nivel trófico.
Particularidades de AMTI
Estos residuos están compuestos en su mayor parte por materia orgánica disuelta, suspendida o sedimentada y sustancias inorgánicas nitrogenadas y fosfatadas. Normalmente, los primeros niveles tróficos están compuestos por especies cultivadas omnívoras o carnívoras (peces ó camarones). Los niveles finales tróficos están compuestos por especies animales filtradoras (moluscos bivalvos) o especies vegetales (algas).
Beneficios de AMTI
En AMTI se ofrece un beneficio claro a los organismos cocultivados al convertir el alimento no consumido y los desechos en recursos (fertilizantes o alimentos) para el resto de organismos cultivados. A su vez, el consumo de materia orgánica y desechos supone una importante mejora de la calidad del agua. Esto beneficia a todos los organismos involucrados en el sistema.
En AMTI los niveles subsiguientes se caracterizan por retirar ciertas sustancias orgánicas e inorgánicas de desecho. Lo cual repercute en una mejora de la calidad de agua general. Por ello, AMTI puede considerarse, en parte con una cierta funcionalidad simbiótica. Sin embargo, los organismos cultivados implicados en AMTI no generan ningún otro beneficio de vuelta a los niveles anteriores.
¿Qué es la acuicultura simbiótica?

La acuicultura simbiótica se basa en incentivar relaciones mutuamente beneficiosas entre dos o más partes. En la mayoría de las tecnologías simbióticas: tecnología biofloc (BFT), tecnología aquamimicry (AQT) o tecnología bioaquafloc (BAF, tecnología híbrida entre las dos primeras), una de las partes beneficiadas está compuesta por ciertos microorganismos (bacterias, protozoarios, microalgas y zooplancton), siendo los organismos de cultivo los que conforman otra parte.
En acuicultura simbiótica los microorganismos conformantes de los bioflóculos y el zooplancton generan ciertos servicios al cultivo. Entre ellos están: i) biorremediación, ii) eliminación de agentes patógenos, iii) sirven como alimento natural y iv) aumento de la supervivencia. Los organismos de cultivo, de vuelta, aportan a los microorganismos un lugar donde proliferar y alimento. Este alimento se presenta en forma de heces, alimento no ingerido y sustancias tóxicas resultantes del metabolismo tal como amonio NH4+y amoniaco NH3. Normalmente estas sustancias no ingeridas, no digeridas y/o tóxicas se generan en altas concentraciones. Lo cual justifica en las diversas tecnologías simbióticas, el uso de sedimentadores externos o toilets acuícolas.
La acuicultura simbiótica se enfoca en usar los sólidos suspendidos como un insumo para el cultivo de otros organismos acuícolas. Estos sólidos suspendidos están conformados principalmente por bioflóculos, zooplancton, alimento no ingerido y heces (alimento no digerido o semi digerido). Tanto bioflóculos como zooptlancton presentan perfiles nutricionales de altísima calidad. Se cuenta con la presencia de ácidos grasos esenciales de gran valor nutricional. Por ejemplo: t el ácido eicosapentanoico (EPA) y ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), (Cardona et al 2016, Crab et al 2010, Promthale el al 2019). También presentan perfiles de aminoácidos esenciales, fósforo, vitaminas y minerales esenciales para el cultivo de organimos acuáticos (Avnimelech 2015).
Nacimiento de la acuicultura multitrófica integrada simbiótica AMTIS

La acuicultura multitrófica integrada tradicional o clásica (AMTI) se caracteriza por definir niveles tróficos jerárquicos claros. Uno seguido de otro. Donde los residuos del primer nivel sirven como insumo para el nivel trófico siguiente y la repetición de este patrón. La única conexión entre niveles tróficos en AMTI es, como se comentó anteriormente, un cierto mejoramiento de la calidad del agua.
Si se aplica la tecnología simbiótica a la AMTI surge un nuevo nivel trófico especial. Este se caracteriza por no contener una especie de cultivo. Es transversal y genera beneficios a las especies cultivadas del resto de los niveles tróficos. Este nuevo nivel está compuesto microorganismos en forma de bioflóculos y zooplancton. La unión de AMTI y la tecnología simbiótica da lugar a una nueva tecnología llamada acuicultura multitrófica integrada simbiótica (AMTIS). Esta se asemeja a la acuicultura simbiótica tradicional (reducción del recambio de agua, aplicación de fuentes de carbono tales como melaza y/o fermentos, altas densidades de cultivo y ciertos incentivos) pero en condición de policultivo y limitando la extracción de sólidos.
Beneficios de la acuicultura multitrófica integrada simbiótica AMTIS
En el caso de AMTIS, todos los organismos de cultivo implicados generan un aporte de materia orgánica e inorgánica . Lo cual supone el principal sustento para bioflóculos y zooplancton. Ya no solo hay una transferencia de materia orgánica e inorgánica. Es decir (heces, alimento no ingerido, amoniaco, amonio entre otros) de un nivel a otro. Sino que existe otro nivel trófico formado por microorganismos. Se trata pues de un nivel que es central y transversal al resto de niveles tróficos y que aporta diversos beneficios. Entre estos beneficios se observa: el desplazamiento de agentes patógenos, el aumento de la densidad de cultivo, la generación de alimento natural, limitación de los recambios de agua, el aumento de la supervivencia y el mejoramiento de la calidad de agua principalmente.
Por otra parte, las bacterias conformantes de los bioflóculos en AMTIS generan moléculas orgánicas. Entre ellas están el polihidroxibutirato (PHB), ácido butírico, valérico, propiónico, fórmico, acético láctico que tienen un efecto antagónico con diversos patógenos.
La presencia de bioflóculos también genera ciertos benéficos a nivel fisiológico en la salud de los organismos (Ekasari et al 2014 y Xu y Pan 2013). Entre estos está el aumento de los hemocitos totales y de la actividad fagocítica. También se determinó un aumento en la actividad de la enzima prophenoloxidasa (proPO) que está relacionada con la defensa antioxidante. Asimismo, se genera un aumento de la actividad “explosión oxidativa” que es un mecanismo relacionado con la defensa microbiana.
La nueva AMTI simbiótica está siendo aplicada en Asia y Latinoamérica de manera exitosa principalmente con organismos animales acuáticos sin intervención de niveles tróficos fotoautotróficos (vegetales). Este es el caso de los cultivos en multinivel trófico de cultivo de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), camarón (Litopenaeus vannamei) y el mejillón caballo (Modiolus modiolus) en Tailandia por la empresa Venture farm Pte. Ltd.
104 comentarios en “Nueva tecnología: Acuicultura Multitrófica Integrada Simbiótica AMTIS”
бизнес курсы для руководителей
Hi there! I just would like to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you’ve got here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your blog for more soon.
aşk sözleri
https://asksozlerioku.blogspot.com
ecommerce saronno
Exceptional post however I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this topic? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Many thanks!
qcOyApFaRJlwPGK
VAzdpOSgHFqbjk
Скупка авто Таллинн
Superb blog! Do you have any helpful hints for aspiring writers? I’m planning to start my own site soon but I’m a little lost on everything. Would you advise starting with a free platform like WordPress or go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that I’m totally confused .. Any recommendations? Thanks a lot!
тренинги для руководителей
Great site. Lots of useful information here. I’m sending it to a few buddies ans also sharing in delicious. And obviously, thank you for your effort!
фото комнатных растений с названием
I have read so many articles or reviews about the blogger lovers but this post is in fact a pleasant article, keep it up.
seo
I am sure this article has touched all the internet users, its really really nice article on building up new blog.
Kodu
3d Blu Ray Ne Demek?
ковры 3 на 4 в москве
You’re so cool! I don’t suppose I have read anything like this before. So good to find someone with a few unique thoughts on this issue. Really.. thanks for starting this up. This website is something that’s needed on the web, someone with some originality!
вызвать сантехника краснодар
Your style is so unique compared to other people I have read stuff from. Many thanks for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I will just bookmark this site.
автозапчасти москва
Hello! Would you mind if I share your blog with my twitter group? There’s a lot of people that I think would really enjoy your content. Please let me know. Thank you
nimabi
Thank you very much for sharing, I learned a lot from your article. Very cool. Thanks. nimabi
seo domodossola
Please let me know if you’re looking for a article author for your blog. You have some really good articles and I believe I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d really like to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please send me an email if interested. Many thanks!
cena duoneb w Gdańsku
I’ve been exploring for a bit for any high quality
articles or weblog posts in this kind of house .
Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this website.
Studying this information So i’m glad to convey that I have a very excellent uncanny feeling I discovered just what I needed.
I most definitely will make sure to don?t fail to remember this web site and provides it a look on a continuing
basis.
asmanex in vendita a Bologna senza bisogno di consulto medico
I got this web site from my buddy who told me about this website and now this time I am browsing this
web site and reading very informative content here.
частная наркологическая клиника в москве анонимное
An intriguing discussion is worth comment. I think that you should write more on this issue, it might not be a taboo subject but usually people do not discuss such topics. To the next! All the best!!
https://crazysale.marketing/
Hi to all, how is all, I think every one is getting more from this website, and your views are nice designed for new viewers.
autocad
Good post. I certainly love this website. Continue the good work!
краска для ткани
You’ve made some decent points there. I looked on the internet for more info about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this website.
going here
Useful information. Lucky me I discovered your website by chance, and I’m shocked why this twist of fate did not took place earlier! I bookmarked it.
лом черных металлов рязань
What’s up to all, since I am really keen of reading this webpage’s post to be updated regularly. It consists of pleasant information.
bitokvesnuhin
На mehanizirovannaya-shtukaturka-moscow.ru вы найдете бесподобные услуги механизированной штукатурки. Экономьте время, гарантируйте себе качество.
Заказать SEO продвижение
Pretty great post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wanted to mention that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing in your feed and I hope you write again soon!
Заказать SEO продвижение
After exploring a few of the blog articles on your web site, I honestly like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Please check out my web site as well and let me know how you feel.
translation services
I do agree with all the ideas you have presented in your post. They are very convincing and will certainly work. Still, the posts are very short for novices. Could you please extend them a little from next time? Thanks for the post.
glavdachnik.ru
Hi there to all, the contents present at this website are really awesome for people experience, well, keep up the nice work fellows.
lJIHFmvXjPe
EfMeZaLXS
сделать гостиничный чек
I like the valuable information you provide in your articles. I will bookmark your weblog and check again here frequently. I am quite certain I will learn many new stuff right here! Good luck for the next!
механизированная штукатурка
гостиничные чеки купить
This article is actually a pleasant one it helps new internet viewers, who are wishing for blogging.
snabzhenie-obektov.ru
снабжение строительных объектов
стяжка пола под ключ
Хотите получить идеально ровный пол без лишних затрат? Обратитесь к профессионалам на сайте styazhka-pola24.ru! Мы предоставляем услуги по стяжке пола м2 по доступной стоимости, а также устройству стяжки пола под ключ в Москве и области.
online television
Exceptional post however , I was wondering if you could write a litte more on this topic? I’d be very grateful if you could elaborate a little bit more. Kudos!
online television
Wonderful site. A lot of useful information here. I’m sending it to a few pals ans also sharing in delicious. And of course, thank you in your effort!
купить гостиничный чек в москве
Good article! We will be linking to this great article on our site. Keep up the good writing.
чеки гостиницы с подтверждением
Thanks in favor of sharing such a good opinion, post is good, thats why i have read it fully
гостиница с отчетными документами
Keep on working, great job!
online television
Aw, this was an incredibly nice post. Finding the time and actual effort to make a very good article but what can I say I procrastinate a lot and never seem to get anything done.
online television
Simply wish to say your article is as surprising. The clearness in your post is simply cool and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please continue the gratifying work.
money loans near me
Hi my loved one! I want to say that this article is awesome, great written and come with almost all significant infos. I’d like to peer more posts like this .
Онлайн казино
Это лучшее онлайн-казино, где вы можете насладиться широким выбором игр и получить максимум удовольствия от игрового процесса.
Онлайн казино
Добро пожаловать на сайт онлайн казино, мы предлагаем уникальный опыт для любителей азартных игр.
механизированная штукатурка под ключ
What i do not realize is in reality how you’re not really a lot more well-appreciated than you may be right now. You are so intelligent. You realize therefore significantly in terms of this matter, produced me for my part consider it from so many various angles. Its like men and women aren’t fascinated unless it’s something to accomplish with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs great. Always take care of it up!
механизированная штукатурка москва
It’s an awesome piece of writing designed for all the internet users; they will take benefit from it I am sure.
гостиница с отчетными документами
Wow, that’s what I was searching for, what a information! present here at this blog, thanks admin of this web site.
חשפניות
Hi would you mind letting me know which webhost you’re working with? I’ve loaded your blog in 3 completely different internet browsers and I must say this blog loads a lot quicker then most. Can you suggest a good internet hosting provider at a honest price? Thank you, I appreciate it!
חשפניות
Your style is very unique compared to other people I have read stuff from. Many thanks for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I will just bookmark this web site.
sphynx cats for sale
I blog quite often and I really appreciate your content. This article has really peaked my interest. I am going to book mark your website and keep checking for new information about once a week. I subscribed to your RSS feed as well.
חשפניות
Your method of describing all in this article is truly good, all can easily know it, Thanks a lot.
sphynx kitten
It’s remarkable in favor of me to have a web site, which is useful in favor of my knowledge. thanks admin
חשפניות
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have put in writing this blog. I am hoping to view the same high-grade blog posts from you in the future as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has motivated me to get my own website now 😉
חשפניות
Saved as a favorite, I really like your site!
снять квартиру на сутки
I visited many websites but the audio quality for audio songs present at this website is really fabulous.
где можно заказать гостиничные чеки в москве
It’s not my first time to pay a visit this website, i am visiting this web site dailly and get good data from here everyday.
гостиничные чеки
I all the time used to read article in news papers but now as I am a user of internet so from now I am using net for posts, thanks to web.
гостиничные чеки
An impressive share! I have just forwarded this onto a friend who was doing a little research on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I discovered it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thank YOU for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending time to discuss this matter here on your web site.
гостиничные чеки мск
Keep this going please, great job!
купить чеки на гостиницу в москве
This information is priceless. How can I find out more?
Заказ алкоголя Екатеринбург доставка
An intriguing discussion is worth comment. I do think that you should write more on this subject, it might not be a taboo subject but generally people do not discuss such subjects. To the next! Cheers!!
Доставка алкоголя на дом Екатеринбург
I’m impressed, I must say. Rarely do I encounter a blog that’s equally educative and entertaining, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. The issue is something not enough people are speaking intelligently about. I’m very happy that I found this in my search for something relating to this.
отчетные документы за проживание москва
Keep this going please, great job!
infoda4nik.ru
I have read so many posts regarding the blogger lovers except this article is in fact a nice piece of writing, keep it up.
гостиничные чеки москва
Appreciating the dedication you put into your website and in depth information you provide. It’s good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same unwanted rehashed material. Fantastic read! I’ve saved your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.
link indexer page
I got this website from my pal who informed me regarding this website and now this time I am visiting this website and reading very informative articles or reviews at this place.
чеки на гостиницу
You really make it seem so easy together with your presentation however I find this topic to be really something which I feel I would never understand. It kind of feels too complicated and very extensive for me. I am taking a look forward on your next publish, I will try to get the cling of it!
документы на гостиницу в москве
I have been surfing online more than 2 hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours. It’s pretty worth enough for me. In my opinion, if all site owners and bloggers made good content as you did, the internet will be much more useful than ever before.
ogorodkino.ru
If some one desires to be updated with most up-to-date technologies afterward he must be pay a visit this site and be up to date everyday.
где можно заказать гостиничные чеки в москве
Fantastic beat ! I wish to apprentice even as you amend your site, how can i subscribe for a blog web site? The account aided me a applicable deal. I have been tiny bit familiar of this your broadcast provided shiny transparent concept
гостиничные чеки купить
You really make it seem so easy with your presentation however I in finding this topic to be really something which I think I would never understand. It sort of feels too complicated and very vast for me. I am looking forward in your next post, I will try to get the grasp of it!
документы на гостиницу в москве
Really no matter if someone doesn’t understand after that its up to other users that they will help, so here it happens.
Forrest Massanet
I’m still learning from you, as I’m trying to achieve my goals. I certainly liked reading all that is written on your website.Keep the posts coming. I liked it!
гостиничные чеки москва
These are actually wonderful ideas in concerning blogging. You have touched some pleasant factors here. Any way keep up wrinting.
agrosadovnik.ru
Greetings from Carolina! I’m bored to tears at work so I decided to check out your website on my iphone during lunch break. I really like the info you present here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m shocked at how quick your blog loaded on my mobile .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, awesome site!
sadovoe-tut.ru
Hi there, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam feedback? If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can suggest? I get so much lately it’s driving me insane so any assistance is very much appreciated.
химчистка мягкой мебели в жодино
Link exchange is nothing else but it is simply placing the other person’s weblog link on your page at appropriate place and other person will also do same in favor of you.
химчистка мягкой мебели в борисове
Appreciate the recommendation. Will try it out.
horse cartoon sex video
Hi there to all, the contents present at this site are really remarkable for people experience, well, keep up the nice work fellows.
bezogoroda.ru
I visited several websites except the audio quality for audio songs current at this site is in fact fabulous.
daachka.ru
You can definitely see your expertise in the article you write. The world hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. Always go after your heart.
Top Ethereum Contract Generator
I have recently started a web site, the information you offer on this site has helped me tremendously. Thank you for all of your time & work.
фитнес тренер обучение
Nice blog here! Also your website loads up fast! What host are you using? Can I get your affiliate link to your host? I wish my site loaded up as fast as yours lol
фитнес тренер обучение
Good day! I could have sworn I’ve been to this site before but after browsing through some of the post I realized it’s new to me. Nonetheless, I’m definitely happy I found it and I’ll be bookmarking and checking back often!
ремонт стеклопакетов в Борисове
Wonderful site you have here but I was curious about if you knew of any message boards that cover the same topics talked about in this article? I’d really love to be a part of group where I can get responses from other knowledgeable individuals that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Thanks a lot!
ремонт окон цены,пластиковые окна ремонт и регулировка
Keep this going please, great job!
мужской эромассаж Москва
Неповторимый мужской эротический массаж Москва с сауной
daa4a.ru
Excellent post. I used to be checking continuously this blog and I am inspired! Very useful information specially the final phase 🙂 I maintain such info a lot. I used to be seeking this particular info for a long timelong time. Thank you and good luck.
daachka.ru
Remarkable! Its in fact remarkable piece of writing, I have got much clear idea concerning from this piece of writing.
Danny Tengan
It’s hard to find knowledgeable people on this topic, but you sound like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
sadounik.ru
I enjoy reading a post that will make people think. Also, thank you for allowing for me to comment!
раскрутка сайта в гугле
I for all time emailed this blog post page to all my friends, since if like to read it next my links will too.
glavsadovnik.ru
Wow, amazing blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you make blogging glance easy. The full glance of your web site is great, let alonesmartly as the content!
myinfodacha.ru
Good post. I’m facing some of these issues as well..
daachkaru
Greetings from Ohio! I’m bored to tears at work so I decided to check out your website on my iphone during lunch break. I really like the knowledge you present here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m shocked at how quick your blog loaded on my mobile .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, wonderful site!
отчетные документы за проживание москва
Hello there, You have done a fantastic job. I will definitely digg it and personally recommend to my friends. I am sure they will be benefited from this web site.
перетяжка мебели
I enjoy what you guys are usually up too. This sort of clever work and exposure! Keep up the excellent works guys I’ve you guys to blogroll.
twitch.tv
Excellent blog! Do you have any recommendations for aspiring writers? I’m planning to start my own website soon but I’m a little lost on everything. Would you suggest starting with a free platform like WordPress or go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that I’m totally confused .. Any recommendations? Thanks a lot!
delaremontnika.ru
Can you tell us more about this? I’d like to find out more details.
daachnik.ru
Hey there! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could get a captcha plugin for my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having difficulty finding one? Thanks a lot!
JadHadid
These are actually wonderful ideas in regarding blogging.
You have touched some fastidious points here.
琳达技术员
This is very interesting, You are an excessively professional blogger. I have joined your feed and look forward to looking for more of your wonderful post. Also, I have shared your site in my social networks
Регистрация в binance
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me? https://accounts.binance.com/ru/register-person?ref=B4EPR6J0
brook kill
Different species are selected for an AMTIS system based on how well they work together. For instance, fish species that generate a lot of waste can be paired with seaweed or ONLINE LOGO DESIGN SERVICES, shellfish that feed on filters to help the water’s excess nutrients be removed.
Allen
Symbiotic Aquaculture is a new invention for agriculture, that helps to keep avoid bacteria from agriculture and for aqua life.
Click here https://najarinvestigations.com/private-investigators-in-irvine-ca/ for Private Transportation Services in Vail CO.